Análise de cluster da evasão escolar em escolas públicas de Goiás: segmentação e implicações para políticas educacionais

Cluster Analysis of school dropout in public schools of Goiás: segmentation and implications for educational policies

Abstract

The present work addresses the problem of dropout in public schools in the state of Goiás, using cluster analysis to identify patterns and guide educational policies. The relevance of the topic lies in understanding and reducing dropout rates, which has a significant impact on the educational system. The general objective was to identify patterns of school dropout in the public education network in the state of Goiás through cluster analysis. Cluster analysis techniques were used to group municipalities in Goiás with similar characteristics in relation to evasion. Dropout rates from 1st to 9th grade and high school in 246 municipalities were analyzed in the period 2019 and 2020. The results highlighted the complexity of dropout rates at different stages, with emphasis on the final and initial years of elementary school. from highschool. The analyzes revealed variations in dropout rates. Furthermore, some clusters presented rates below the national average. The practical implications are evident, with recommendations for targeted interventions in clusters 2 and 3, as well as in the identified outliers. In conclusion, cluster analysis proved to be an effective tool for understanding and addressing school dropout. The results obtained provide support to guide more effective, personalized and contextualized educational policies and strategies in future work. Furthermore, this study can serve as a basis for future research that wishes to delve deeper into this topic.